Recent Advances in Organic Phototransistors: Nonvolatile Memory, Artificial Synapses, and Photodetectors

Recent research interest in organic field-effect transistor (FET) memory has shifted to the functionality of photoprogramming terms its potential uses multibit data storage and light-assisted encryption low-energy consumption broad response various optical bands. Phototransistor can be modulated through both electrical stress light illumination, allowing it function as an orthogonal operation method without mutual interference. Herein, basic design concepts, requirements, architectures phototransistor are introduced. Design such channel-only, channel-with-photogate, photochromatic channel devices floating gate, photoactive polymer, molecule-based electrets systematically categorized. The operational mechanism impact effective combinations channels reviewed provide a fundamental understanding well future developmental applications nonvolatile memory. Furthermore, recent advances phototransistors their diverse applications, including memory, artificial synapses, photodetectors, summarized. Finally, outlook for development is briefly discussed. A comprehensive picture progress provided.